1. Before renting out the property: prepare and secure it

Renting out a property isn't just about finding a tenant; it's about laying a solid foundation to guarantee long-term profitability and avoid disputes. The preparatory phase is therefore essential and involves several key steps.

1.1 Determining the fair rent

The rent amount is one of the major drivers of success. If set too low, it reduces profitability. If set too high, it can unnecessarily prolong the vacancy period. To determine the right price, several parameters must be taken into account:

• The location (proximity to transport, schools, shops).

• Size and layout : a small, optimized apartment can rent better than a large, poorly designed one.

• The condition of the property : recent renovations, brightness and modern amenities increase the rent.

• Local market references : consulting comparable listings and rent observatories allows you to adjust your estimate.

💡 Tip: Don't hesitate to contact a real estate agent for an accurate and objective estimate.

1.2 Carry out the mandatory diagnostics

The landlord must compile a technical diagnostic report (DDT) to be given to the future tenant. This report includes:

• Energy performance certificate ( DPE

• Gas and electricity , if the installations are more than 15 years old.

• ERP (Statement of risks and pollution), according to the geographical area.

• Asbestos and lead , for old buildings.

These documents protect both the landlord and the tenant. Their absence can undermine the validity of the lease and expose the landlord to penalties.

1.3 Enhancing the value of the accommodation

A well-maintained property rents more quickly and attracts better tenants. A few simple actions can make all the difference:

• Invest in professional photos .

• Carry out a light home staging : declutter, repaint in neutral colors, optimize the light.

• Ensure impeccable cleanliness .

1.4 Drafting and distributing the advertisement

The listing must be complete, compliant with the law, and appealing. Clearly state the surface area, rent, charges, and energy performance certificate (EPC), while highlighting the property's advantages (balcony, view, amenities). Distribute it across multiple channels: specialized websites, agencies, online listing platforms, and social media.

1.5 Select the tenant

Choosing a tenant is a crucial step. A solid application includes proof of identity, an employment contract, payslips, the latest tax assessment, and proof of home insurance. For added security, the landlord may require a guarantor or use the Visale , which is free and reliable.

1.6 Drafting the lease and the inventory of fixtures

Finally, the lease must conform to the legal model and include all essential conditions (duration, rent, charges, security deposit). The entry inventory provides crucial protection in case of disputes regarding potential damage.

2. During the rental period: managing and maintaining the property

Once the tenant has moved in, the landlord's role doesn't end. On the contrary, they must ensure the smooth running of the lease, maintain rigorous administrative management, and keep the property in good condition. A relationship of trust between landlord and tenant is key.

2.1 Collect rents and issue receipts

The most visible task is collecting the monthly rent. The landlord must:

• Set up a clear payment method (bank transfer, direct debit, check).

• Monitor deadlines to quickly detect late payments.

• Provide a rent receipt if the tenant requests it, which constitutes proof of payment.

💡 Tip: Some rental management software automates the sending of receipts and reminders in case of delay.

2.2 Review the rent every year

The landlord can revise the rent once a year, but only if a rent review clause is included in the lease. This revision is based on the Rent Reference Index (IRL) published by INSEE.
A written notification must be sent to the tenant, specifying the new amount and the calculation method used.

2.3 Managing rental charges

The landlord pays certain expenses upfront (water, maintenance of common areas, garbage collection tax, etc.) and recovers a portion of these costs from the tenant.
They must:

• Allocate the charges transparently , in accordance with the decree on recoverable charges.

• Provide an annual breakdown of adjustments.

Good communication prevents disputes.

2.4 Maintaining the accommodation

The landlord must provide a habitable and ensure its structural maintenance.
This implies:

• To take charge of major repairs (faulty boiler, roof, old windows…).

• Leave the tenant responsible for minor repairs and routine maintenance (changing a light bulb, cleaning the seals).

• Intervene quickly in case of a serious problem to maintain a healthy relationship.

2.5 Managing taxation and accounting

Rental income must be declared:

• Micro-foncier : for gross rents less than €15,000 per year, with a flat-rate allowance of 30%.

• Actual regime : allows deduction of expenses, work and loan interest, but requires rigorous accounting.

In the case of furnished rentals, the landlord is subject to the Industrial and Commercial Profits (BIC) .
💡 A chartered accountant or tax advisor can optimize the tax return and reduce the tax liability.

2.6 Maintain a good relationship with the tenant

An attentive and responsive landlord fosters tenant loyalty, which reduces the risk of vacancy. Here are a few best practices:

• Respond quickly to requests.

• Communicate with courtesy and transparency.

• Schedule an annual follow-up (e.g., a courtesy visit) to check the condition of the accommodation.

3. Upon the tenant's departure: closing and restarting the rental cycle

The end of a lease marks a crucial stage for the landlord. Managing this phase effectively helps avoid disputes and allows for efficient preparation for a new tenancy.

3.1 Receipt of the tenant's notice

The tenant must notify their departure by registered letter with acknowledgment of receipt , hand delivery against signature, or bailiff's notice.
The notice period varies depending on the situation:

• 3 months unfurnished rental.

• 1 month in a tense area or for certain reasons (job loss, transfer, first job, health reasons, etc.).

💡 Tip: Keep this document carefully, it formalizes the departure.

3.2 Organization of the exit inventory

This is a key moment:

• The inventory of fixtures must be carried out jointly , ideally in the presence of the tenant.

• Each room is compared with the entry condition report, with supporting photos and remarks.

• Any damage will be noted and may justify a deduction from the security deposit.

👉 Practical tip: use a precise template or a digital application to avoid forgetting.

3.3 Security Deposit Management

The landlord has a deadline to return the security deposit:

• 1 month if no damage is found.

• 2 months in case of justified deductions (damage, unpaid bills, regularization of charges).

The amount withheld must be accompanied by supporting documents (invoices, quotes, statements of charges). Without them, the tenant can contest it.

3.4 Repairs and restoration of the accommodation

Once the property is vacated, the landlord must check if any repairs are necessary:

• Minor refreshments (painting, cleaning) to improve attractiveness.

• More extensive work (insulation, equipment replacement) if the property is old.

• Regulatory compliance if new obligations have emerged (e.g., energy standards).

💡 A renovated property can be re-let more quickly and can justify a higher rent.

3.5 Prepare for a new rental

As soon as the accommodation is ready, the landlord restarts the cycle with:

• Rent adjusted according to the market.

• Technical diagnostic updates (some have a limited validity period).

• New photos and writing of an attractive advertisement.

• Distribution through appropriate rental channels.

⚖️ Properly managing a tenant's departure means protecting their rights while respecting those of the occupant. This avoids disputes, optimizes profitability, and prepares the property for the next tenancy under favorable conditions.

In summary

Being a landlord is not just about collecting rent: it's a true management activity that requires rigor, organization, and foresight. From preparing the property before it's put on the market, to the day-to-day management of the lease and tenant relations, right through to the move-out and the property's refurbishment, each step plays a vital role in protecting the asset and maximizing profitability.

With a good method and, if necessary, the support of professionals, renting becomes much more than a simple investment: it is a sustainable and effective asset enhancement

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